Before we start to study actual chord families along with their. The general chord substitution rule holds that chords that share two or more notes in common can be readily substituted for each other money chords. C, am, f and g to our new progression of c, a, f and g. A common substitute in jazz is replacing the i chord bb in this case with its iii d7.
A great part of the blues progression to apply this technique to is bar 7. But before we jump off the deep end, lets get together some basic jazz guitar chord shapes. A voicing and substitution primer circling around the circle of fiftha salty dog in alices restaurant minor to major chord substitution the v of v chord ii7 chord the buddy holly chord. But when the iii replaces the i, it becomes emin7amin7dmin7g7. Chord substitutions sound scary, because we hear people talk about things like ah yes, the quintessential tritone substitution with the dominant seventh over a flat fifth blah blah blah. While the vi chord in major keys is also a minor 7th chord, it is not subjected to this substitution.
A basic rule of thumb when substituting chords is that a chord can be substituted for another if the chords has at least. Combining melody and chords a few ideas for people who want to start making. The five most common chord substitutions found in jazz are shown below. For example, in the key of c, a cmaj7 is replaced by and emin7. Substituting chromatic chords within the iii vi ii v i progression for the sake of variety, coloration and creativity, composers or even players substitute chromatic chords chords that have one or more notes not in the key signature of the song.
They think there is something mysterious about getting outside the changes. Introducing some jazz guitar chords this first lesson is aimed at those of you who can play maybe a handful of basic chords on the guitar, but want to start creating some more jazzy chordal sounds. Chord substitution is the term used to describe the procedure to replace, add or change a chord in a chord progression. When a i chord is leading into a iv chordadd a minor 7th to the i chord. The major submediant the vib chord major mediant iii preparing for a modulation to the relative minor minor to major substitution. Learn unlimited ways to harmonize melody lines and progressions jazz masters series kindle edition by arkin, eddie. Chord substitution chord substitution refers to the art of changing andor adding chords to a progression in order to create harmony that is different and more interesting. When i look at most fake books they pretty much just give you letter name and major, minor, or dominant. Some songs have them already in the chord progression, other times the player will actually play the substitute dominant instead of the regular or secondary dominant additionally, players will precede chords with substitute dominant chords to add more.
A, g, e, and d chords combine to cover one octave on the guitar neck. It could be replaced under the right conditions with an e7b5. This book is very effective in helping to develop this skill. As mentioned before, this substitution can also take place with the ii chord. By examining one specific chord inside a progression it is possible to find alternatives. The most common way to look at this is to find chords that share common notes.
The easiest chord that comes to mind is the a major chord. Creative chord substitution for jazz guitar explains the technique of chord substitution as a tool to expand and vary existing harmonic progressions. In order to help you learn the construction of each chord in this lesson, the intervals for each shape have been written on the fretboard, which will help you understand how all of these chords have been constructed. This lesson, however, will focus on substitution of minor and major chords. Its important to note that the five chord substitutions are taken in the context of a chord progression and not individual chords themselves. Jazz chord substitution gives us the tools to recreate our most beloved chords, or even those we despise, and build them into new shapes and sounds. To build the ii v i vi chord progression, you take those highlighted chords from the previous.
The minor 7 chord often accompanies the dominant 7th chord in jazz tunes and progressions. This also tells me that any time we have a minor chord, we can substitute it for its major chord. The common chord progression you will see this happen in is the iviiiv. Sus7 chords this is the longawaited part ii, where we will take a look at those chords that may still be used either as upperstructures or as substitutions for a c7, but particularly conveying the sus7 sound.
The tritone concept is also very useful for comping and improvised solos. In my experience, the phenomenal players that ive studied with along with the legendary players ive learned from on recordings, approach playing outside the harmony much in the same way they approach playing inside the harmony. Guitar mando chord voicings for duos im playing in a quintet, but also spend a bunch of time jamming with just the guitar player in my band. If you want to play a major chord in jazz, you would play gmaj7, g6, g69, or another major chord that extends beyond the major triads that are used as rock guitar chords. In the previous lesson on shell chords, we learned that you dont always have to play every single note in a chord.
This means that the root is omitted, but both essential tones, the 3 and 7, are present in the chord. Besides acting as a substitution for the i chord, the iii chord also belongs to a iiv. Tritone substitution is a common chord substitution for dominant chords and occurs often in jazz standards. Aug 05, 2008 here,i get started on some chord substitutions. Jun 16, 2017 so todays lesson is all about common jazz chord substitutions. This substitutions was created by john coltrane and first used on his composition giant steps. Jazz chord substitution theory and usage guitar player world.
Using chord substitutions to change the feel of a song. There are usually at least two parts to any song performance. Jazz blues chord substitutions guide jamie holroyd guitar. Substituting chords by karen daniels simply put, chord substitution is the use of one chord in place of another chord and using them is one way to give your music interest and a change in sound. This strategy summarizes itself in a replacement of a chord for another one with the same harmonic function of it. Jun 12, 2019 in the past ive introduced the 12bar jazzblues progression, which is a more musically sophisticated cousin of the simpler onefourfive blues chord changes that most people are familiar with and serves as a more harmonically ambitious framework that jazz musicians almost universally prefer to solo over and use as a vehicle for improvising rich, colorful melodies that allude to. For now, lets assume the melody is going to stay the same. For example, in the key of c major, the iii chord is an e7.
Omitting the chord root gives the music a less predictable and contemporary quality. A substitution is just replacing one thing with another thing. Chord substitution is for the harmony dude or dudette. Use the licks you have learned and combine them with your own melodic. This means that we can now convert our progression from. Ii substituted by chordal substitution, same notes, just difference tensions. While there are many possible substitutions in the context of chord progressions, we will go over five important ones you need to know.
The beginners guide to jazz guitar jazz guitar online. Ive always had a certain fondness for chords that use only the low e and d, g and b strings on the guitar that arent inverted, meaning that the lowest note is the bass note. Chord substitution reharmonization simplifying theory. Does anyone know of a book that teaches jazz chords and how and where to use them. This chord dictionary includes over a hundred jazz chord forms, from basic 7th chords with all standard tension substitutions and alterations to guide tone chords to triads over bass notes. Oct 24, 2017 michael berard was a parttime music professor for over 25 years at concordia university in montreal canada. Jazz customarily adds the appropriate sevenths so, in jazz, the progression would be dm7g7cmaj7. Colorful jazzblues chord substitutions guitar world. These are all direct substitutions that many jazz players use but will work in many styles, whether you are a blues, country or fingerstyle player, these voicings will expand your chord knowledge. Reharmonizations and substitutions 7th chords and scale harmonization reharmonizing. How to substitute chords from the same harmonic function.
In general, you can make whats called a tritone substitution on any dominant chord i. Jazz standards for jazz guitar pdf sheet music, tabs, chords and soloing with. Jazz chord substitutions page 2 ukulele underground. Simple chord substitutions for swing jazz comping hi all, ive just begun learning to play rhythm guitar for an oldtime swing jazz jam group, doing standards like exactly like you, bei mir bist du schon, bye bye blackbird, etc. The iivi come from the roman numerals used to notate chord functions within a key. These final examples combine a number of the chords used in this lesson. Chord substitution helps us take all the guitar chords we know and love and change them before we become sick of them. The 10 must know jazz guitar chords twg terence wright guitar.
One of the things that distinguishes jazz guitarists from most pop, rock, blues or folk players is the chord vocabulary they use. He has worked over the years as a jazz musician playing jazz clubs, concerts and studio sessions. Jazz standards for jazz guitar pdf sheet music, tabs, chords and soloing. Oct 18, 2019 with the right training and guidance you can defy the maze of the instrument that is the guitar, and start playing chord changes like you wouldnt believe ill talk about that more at the end of this post. Different chord progressions played over the same melody to show how it is possible to change one chord with another. Learn the 10 must know jazz guitar chords that will allow you to play efficiently and effectively through a vast number of jazz. Simply put, chord substitution is the use of one chord in place of another chord and using them is one way to give your music interest and a change in sound. The minor 7th note is located a 7th above the root bottom note of the chord.
For a jazz musician, being able to manipulate chords and progressions is an essential part of defining ones own personal musical style. Jun 06, 2011 e verybody wants to play outside the chord changes. I will go over the arrangement and some of the more unusual jazz guitar chords that i have used. V7 same technique, substituted by chordal substitution, same notes, ust difference tensions. Also, jazz improvisers may use chord substitution as a mental framework to help them create more interestingsounding solos. Guitarmando chord voicings for duos im playing in a quintet, but also spend a bunch of time jamming with just the guitar player in my band.
There he taught jazz guitar, jazz arranging, jazz composition as well as other jazz related courses. This substitution is made by replacing a dominant chord with a new dominant chord whose root is a diminished fifth interval above the original chordos root. When learning how to play jazz guitar, one of the concepts that comes up time and time again is the tritone substitution. Jazz soloing instruments that can play chords, such as jazz guitar, piano, and organ players may use substitute chords to develop a chord solo over an existing jazz tune with slowmoving harmonies. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets.
Many chord substitutions are available suspended, diminished 7 th, etc. Chord substitution is used to change an existing chord progression to create a new or different harmony. Now we will consider another resource of reharmonization. It is easy to find chords with common notes in the context of a key signature. The iivi progression the iivi progression is a signature progression in jazz. Musical instrumentsguitar master the chords used in jazz. If the substitute chord contains the 3rd and the 7th of the substituted chord, the two chords will have a similar feel and so can act as substitutes for each other. Modern chord voicings and chord substitutions use pluralities built on the chord s 3rd. Flatfive substitution tritone another kind of chord substitution which is often used in pop and jazz music is know as flatfive substitution. Dec 16, 2016 32 minute video with closeups and discussion plus pdf music with chord grids. Substitute dominant chords, sometimes referred to as tritone substitutes, are some of my favorite chords in jazz. In fact, you can omit any note except for the 3rd and 7th guide tones of the chord and still retain the general sound or feel of the original chord. Heres an easy chord substitution for church pianists to use. See the following explanation of the chords before viewing the free pdf sheet of this chord substitution.